DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY SUPPORT

Dodik Arso Wibowo; Andika Siswoaribowo

doi:10.36916/jkm.v11i1.431

Authors

Dodik Arso Wibowo Program Studi D3 Keperawatan STIKES Karya Husada Kediri, Indonesia
Andika Siswoaribowo Program Studi D3 Keperawatan STIKES Karya Husada Kediri, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36916/jkm.v11i1.431

Keywords:

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Self-Management; Medication Adherence; Family Support

Abstract

Background: Type 2 DM, also known as non-insulin dependent can be prevented through healthy lifestyle changes and medication adherence. Diabetes Self Management focuses on improving the patient's ability to optimize blood sugar levels including the importance of taking medication regularly

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between Diabetes Self Management and medication adherence in terms of family support in type 2 DM patients at the Bendo Health Center

Methods: population consisted of 112 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Bendo Primary Health Center. A total of 34 respondents were selected using purposive sampling, with sample size calculated using the Lemeshow formula. The research instruments included the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) to assess patients’ diabetes self-management and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) to measure medication adherence. Data were analyzed using the Spearman’s rho correlation test

Result: The results showed that most respondents (79.4%) had good diabetes self-management, and more than half (52.9%) demonstrated high medication adherence. The Spearman’s rho test yielded a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05), indicating a significant association between diabetes self-management and medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The correlation coefficient (r = 0.537) indicates that better diabetes self-management is associated with higher medication adherence, with a moderate strength of correlation

Implication: Type 2 DM patients are expected to be able to manage themselves well so that patients can be obedient to taking medication as an effort to prevent the risk of complications

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Self-Management; Medication Adherence; Family Support

References

Afaya, R. A., Bam, V., Azongo, T. B., Afaya, A., Kusi-Amponsah, A., Ajusiyine, J. M., & Abdul Hamid, T. (2020). Medication adherence and self-care behaviours among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ghana. PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0237710. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237710

Al-Dwaikat, T. N., Ali, A. M., & Khatatbeh, H. (2023). Self-Management Social Support in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Concept Analysis. Nursing Forum, 2023, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1753982

Almira, N., Arifin, S., & Rosida, L. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Kepatuhan Minum Obat di Puskesmas Teluk Dalam Banjarmasin. Homoestasis, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20527/ht.v2i1.422

Amerzadeh, M., Shafiei Kisomi, Z., Senmar, M., Khatooni, M., Hosseinkhani, Z., & Bahrami, M. (2024). Self-care Behaviors, Medication Adherence Status, and Associated Factors among Elderly Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 19118. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70000-w

Arini, D., Agung, A., Putri, A. ., & Yuliawati, A. . (2021). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Antidiabetes Oral pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahaganesha, 2, 29–36.

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. (2018). Kuesioner Individu RISET KESEHATAN DASAR 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1(2), 10–11.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2015). Medical-Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (8th ed.). Elsevier.

Busebaia, T. J. A., Thompson, J., Fairbrother, H., & Ali, P. (2023). The Role of Family in Supporting Adherence to Diabetes Self-care Management practices: An Umbrella Review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(10), 3652–3677. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15689

Hardianto, D. (2021). Telaah Komprehensif Diabetes Melitus: Klasifikasi, Gejala, Diagnosis, Pencegahan, dan Pengobatan. Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI), 7(2), 304–317. https://doi.org/10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4209

Hartuida, C. (2021). The Relationship between Duration of Diabetes and Diabetes Self Management Behaviors. Jurnal Keperawatan Cikini, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.55644/jkc.v2i1.43

Hiefner, A. R., Raman, S., & Woods, S. B. (2024). Family Support and Type 2 Diabetes Self-management Behaviors in Underserved Latino/a/x Patients. Annals of Behavioral Medicine : A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 58(7), 477–487. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaae023

Jannoo, Z., & Mamode Khan, N. (2019). Medication Adherence and Diabetes Self-Care Activities Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Value in Health Regional Issues, 18, 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2018.06.003

Nusantara, A. F., Hartono, D., & Salam, A. Y. (2023). Instabilitas Kadar Glukosa Darah terhadap Komplikasi Kardiovaskular pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. JURNAL PENELITIAN KEPERAWATAN, 9(1), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.32660/jpk.v9i1.653

O’Donoghue, G., O’Sullivan, C., Corridan, I., Daly, J., Finn, R., Melvin, K., & Peiris, C. (2021). Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Living in Low-and-Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6273. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126273

Pakaya, S. W., Katili, A., & Basir, I. S. (2024). The Relationship between Family Support and Medication Adherence among Type II Diabetic Patients. An Idea Health Journal, 4(02), 73–77. https://doi.org/10.53690/ihj.v4i02.222

Parviniannasab, A. M., Faramarzian, Z., Hosseini, S. A., Hamidizadeh, S., & Bijani, M. (2024). The effect of social support, diabetes management self-efficacy, and diabetes distress on resilience among patients with type 2 diabetes: a moderated mediation analysis. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 477. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18022-x

Priambodo, N., Kriswiastiny, R., & Fitriani, D. (2022). Hubungan lama menderita Diabetes Melitus dan kadar gula darah dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2. Medula, 13(2), 38–44.

Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kediri. (2023). Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Kediri Tahun 2023. Scribd. https://id.scribd.com/document/886990145/Profilkes-Kab-Kediri-2023-Narasi-Office-Ready profilkes Kabupaten kediri, / dinas kesehatan kabupaten kediri. tahun 2023

Rahayu, S., & Dwi, S. A. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kepatuhan Diet Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Stikes Hang Tuah Surabaya, 15(1), 124–138.

Sari, D. R., Wahid, R. A. H., & Ambarsari, D. W. (2025). Knowledge and Medication Adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 5(3), 311–324. https://doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v5i3.33231

Sayeed, K. A., Qayyum, A., Jamshed, F., Gill, U., Usama, S. M., Asghar, K., & Tahir, A. (2020). Impact of Diabetes-related Self-management on Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus, 12(4), e7845. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7845

Sundari, P. M., Asmoro, C. P., & Arifin, H. (2019). HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT DENGAN TINGKAT STRES PASIEN. 22(March), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v22i1.780

Tang, R., Luo, D., Li, B., Wang, J., & Li, M. (2023). The role of family support in diabetes self-management among rural adult patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(19–20), 7238–7246. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16786

Tsalissavrina, I., Tritisari, K. P., Handayani, D., Kusumastuty, I., & Ariestiningsih, A. D. (2018). Hubungan Lama Terdiagnosa Diabetes dan Kadar Glukosa Darah dengan Fungsi Kognitif Penderita Diabetes Tipe 2 Di Jawa Timur. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 3(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v3i1.96

Wondm, S. A., Zeleke, T. K., Dagnew, S. B., Moges, T. A., Tarekegn, G. Y., Belachew, E. A., & Tamene, F. B. (2024). Association between Self-care Activities and Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Northwest Ethiopia General Hospitals : a Multicenter Cross-sectional Study. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 23198. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72981-0